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to be set, rated or levied, under any pretence, without the consent
of the Legislature.

Art. 13. That paupers ought not to be asssessed for the support
of Government, but every other person in this State, or person
holding property therein, ought to contribute his proportion of
public taxes, for the support of Government, according to his actual
worth in real or personal property; yet fines, duties or taxes may
properly and justly be imposed or laid, on persons or property, with
a political view, for the good government and benefit of the com.
munity.

Art. 14. That sanguinary laws ought tobe avoided, as far as is
consistent with the safety of the State; and no law to inflict cruel
and unusual pains and penalties ought to be made, in any case, or
at any time hereafter.

Art. 15. That retrospective laws, punishing acts committed
before the existence of such laws, and by them only declared cri
minal, are oppressive, unjust and incompatible with liberty; where
fore, no ex post facto law ought to be made.

Art. 16. That no law to attaint particular persons of treason or
felony, ought to be made in any case, or at any time hereafter,

Art. 17. That every free man, for any injury done to him in
his person or property, ought to have remedy by the course of the
Jaw of the land, and ought to have justice and right, freely without
sale, fully without any denial, and speedily without delay, accord.
ing to the law of the land.

Art. 18. That the trial of facts where they arise, is one of the
greatest securities of the lives, liberties, and estate of the people.
Att. 19. That in all criminal prosecutions, every man hath a right
to be informed of the accusation against him; to have a copy of
the indictment or charge, in due time (if required) to prepare for
his defence; to be allowed counsel, to be confronted with the wit
nesses against him; to have process for his witnesses; to examine
the witnesses for and against him on oath; and to a speedy trial
by an impartial jury, without whose unanimous consent he ought
not to be found guilty.

Art. 20. That no man ought to he compelled to give evidence
against himself in a court of common law, or in any other court,
but in such cases as have been usually practised in this State, or
may hereafter be directed by the Legislature.

Art. 21. That no freeman ought to be taken or imprisoned, or
disseized of his freehold, liberties or privileges, or outlawed, or
exiled, or in any manner destroyed, or deprived of his life, liberty
or property, but by the judment of his peers, or by the law of the
land.

Art. 22. That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor ex-
cessive fines imposed, nor cruel or unusual punishment inflicted
by the courts of law.
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